Many women struggle with weight gain or difficulty losing weight without realizing that an underlying medical condition may be the cause. In the past, limited awareness and diagnostic tools often left women battling unexplained weight changes without answers. Today, advances in endocrinology have revealed that thyroid disorders are among the most common hidden causes of weight challenges especially in women.
According to Dr. Ahmed Hassoun, Consultant in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism at Fakeeh University Hospital, women are significantly more likely than men to develop thyroid conditions. This increased risk is linked to the interaction between female hormones and the immune system, genetic factors related to the X chromosome, as well as hormonal changes during pregnancy, postpartum periods, and different stages of a woman’s life.
A large number of women with thyroid disorders experience unexplained weight gain or resistance to weight loss, even when following healthy diets or engaging in regular physical activity. This issue is one of the most common reasons women seek endocrinology consultations and is often accompanied by frustration, emotional distress, and a sense that the body is not responding to effort.
Thyroid disorders generally fall into three main categories:
In the Middle East and Gulf region, thyroid disorders particularly hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are highly prevalent, with many cases remaining undiagnosed.
Dr. Hassoun explains that the difficulty in losing weight is often not a lifestyle failure, but a direct result of hormonal imbalance. The thyroid gland regulates metabolism, appetite, and energy levels. When thyroid hormone production is low, the metabolic rate slows, causing the body to store fat more easily even with moderate food intake. This may also be accompanied by fluid retention, fatigue, mood changes, sleep disturbances, dry skin, and constipation.
Throughout life, women experience multiple hormonal transitions including pregnancy, breastfeeding, menstrual irregularities, and perimenopause. These changes make the body more sensitive to thyroid dysfunction and can further complicate weight loss. However, Dr. Hassoun emphasizes that successful and sustainable weight management is still achievable with proper medical supervision.
Effective weight loss cannot occur unless thyroid hormone levels are properly controlled. When indicated, hormone replacement therapy forms the foundation of treatment. Correct medication timing, adherence, and regular blood testing are essential to prepare the body to respond.
Extreme calorie restriction can further slow metabolism and increase hormonal stress. A balanced diet rich in:
Eating breakfast supports metabolism, while prolonged fasting may elevate stress hormones. Adequate dietary fiber helps reduce constipation, improves digestion, and promotes satiety.
Insufficient water intake can worsen fluid retention and bloating—common in hypothyroidism. Drinking enough water supports metabolism and overall weight regulation.
Nutrients such as selenium, zinc, iron, and iodine support thyroid function. Supplements should only be taken after proper testing and under medical supervision.
Moderate activities such as walking, light resistance training, and low-impact exercises are most effective. Consistency matters more than intensity.
Poor sleep and chronic stress disrupt hunger and satiety hormones, increasing fat storage—especially around the abdomen. Quality sleep and stress reduction are essential components of treatment.
Dr. Hassoun notes that success should not be measured by the scale alone. Improvements in energy levels, mood, body measurements, menstrual regularity, and overall well-being are all positive indicators of progress.
Having a thyroid disorder does not mean accepting weight gain as inevitable. With proper understanding, accurate diagnosis, consistent medical follow-up, and a balanced approach, weight loss is achievable, safe, and sustainable. When addressed scientifically and holistically, women can regain control of their health and confidence.
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