Adult scoliosis is a condition characterized by an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine that develops or progresses during adulthood. While scoliosis is often associated with adolescence, many adults develop spinal curvature later in life due to degeneration of the spine or progression of a previously existing curve.
Adult scoliosis can lead to back pain, spinal imbalance, nerve compression, and reduced mobility, particularly when the curvature progresses or affects surrounding spinal structures.
At Fakeeh University Hospital Dubai, our spine specialists provide comprehensive evaluation and individualized treatment for patients with adult scoliosis. Using advanced imaging techniques and modern surgical strategies when necessary, we focus on restoring spinal alignment, relieving nerve compression, and improving overall function and quality of life.
Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important to prevent progression of spinal deformity and long-term complications.
The spine normally appears straight when viewed from the front or back. In scoliosis, the spine develops a sideways curvature, often accompanied by rotation of the vertebrae.
In adults, scoliosis may develop due to:
• Progression of scoliosis that began during adolescence
• Degenerative changes affecting the discs and joints of the spine
As the curvature progresses, it can alter spinal balance and place stress on muscles, joints, and nerves.
Adult scoliosis can be classified into several types depending on its origin.
This type develops later in life due to degeneration of spinal discs and joints. As discs collapse and facet joints degenerate, the spine may gradually curve and rotate.
Degenerative scoliosis is most commonly seen in the lumbar spine.
Some adults had scoliosis during adolescence that continued to progress over time.
This condition may remain stable for years but can worsen later due to degenerative spinal changes.
In some cases, scoliosis may develop secondary to other spinal conditions such as:
• Vertebral fractures
• Degenerative disc disease
• Neuromuscular disorders
• Previous spinal surgery
Symptoms vary depending on the severity of the curvature and the structures affected.
Common symptoms include:
• Persistent back pain
• Uneven shoulders or hips
• Visible spinal curvature
• Muscle fatigue or stiffness in the back
• Reduced flexibility or mobility
If nerve compression occurs, patients may also experience:
• Pain radiating into the legs
• Numbness or tingling in the lower limbs
• Muscle weakness
• Difficulty standing or walking for extended periods
In more advanced cases, spinal imbalance may cause difficulty maintaining an upright posture.
At Fakeeh University Hospital Dubai, diagnosis begins with a detailed clinical evaluation.
The physician evaluates posture, spinal alignment, mobility, and neurological function.
During the examination, the curvature of the spine and any signs of imbalance or nerve compression are assessed.
Imaging tests are essential to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the severity of the spinal curvature.
These may include:
• X-rays – to measure the degree of spinal curvature (Cobb angle)
• MRI scans – to assess nerve compression and soft tissues
• CT scans – useful for detailed evaluation of bone structures
These studies help determine the most appropriate treatment strategy.
Treatment depends on the severity of the curvature, symptoms, and the overall health of the patient.
Many patients benefit from conservative treatment.
Physical therapy programs focus on strengthening spinal and core muscles, improving posture, and enhancing spinal stability.
Anti-inflammatory medications and targeted therapies may help relieve pain and inflammation.
Adjusting certain activities and maintaining proper posture may reduce stress on the spine.
Surgery may be considered when:
• The spinal curvature continues to progress
• Severe pain persists despite conservative treatment
• Nerve compression causes neurological symptoms
• Significant spinal imbalance develops
Surgical treatment aims to correct spinal alignment, decompress nerves, and stabilize the spine.
Modern surgical techniques often involve minimally invasive approaches and advanced spinal instrumentation, allowing for improved correction and faster recovery.
A 43-year-old patient with a long-standing spinal scoliosis developed progressive spinal stenosis, leading to severe nerve compression. He suffered from debilitating back and leg pain with neurogenic claudication, which significantly reduced his walking distance and daily mobility.
After careful evaluation, we performed surgical correction of the spinal deformity together with decompression of the affected nerves, restoring proper spinal alignment. The spine was straightened and stabilized, relieving the nerve compression.
Following surgery, the patient experienced marked pain relief and regained the ability to stand, sit, and walk upright again, with significant improvement in overall mobility and quality of life.
Many patients with adult scoliosis can achieve significant improvement in pain and function with appropriate treatment.
Early evaluation and individualized management help prevent progression of the deformity and improve long-term outcomes.
Medical evaluation is recommended if you experience:
• Persistent back pain
• Visible spinal curvature or posture changes
• Progressive imbalance when standing or walking
• Pain radiating into the legs
• Numbness or weakness in the lower limbs
These symptoms may indicate spinal deformity or nerve compression that requires professional assessment.
If you are experiencing back pain, spinal imbalance, or symptoms suggesting scoliosis, early evaluation can help determine the most appropriate treatment.
Book your appointment at Fakeeh University Hospital Dubai to receive expert diagnosis and personalized spine care.
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