Appendicitis - Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

The appendix is a narrow, finger-shaped pouch located at the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine (colon). It is considered a vestigial organ, meaning it has no clearly defined role in modern human physiology. Its removal does not impact overall health or quality of life.

While not everyone needs their appendix removed, appendectomy is a common surgical procedure performed when an individual develops appendicitis, a potentially dangerous inflammation of the appendix.

What Is Appendicitis?

Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, typically due to a blockage. This condition can lead to sudden and severe abdominal pain and may require emergency medical treatment. If left untreated, the appendix can burst, leading to serious complications such as infection, abscess, or peritonitis.

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Symptoms of Appendicitis

The hallmark sign of appendicitis is sharp abdominal pain that often begins around the belly button and moves to the lower right side of the abdomen.

Common symptoms include:

• Sudden onset of abdominal pain (especially in the lower right abdomen)
• Fever that begins low and rises quickly
• Nausea and vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Constipation or diarrhea
• Abdominal bloating or gas
• Pain that intensifies with movement, coughing, or pressing the area

⚠️Note: The exact location and intensity of pain may vary based on the patient’s age, gender, or anatomical differences.

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Causes of Appendicitis

Appendicitis usually occurs due to blockage of the appendix, leading to inflammation and bacterial overgrowth.

Possible causes include:

• Fecal matter obstruction (known as fecalith)
• Enlarged lymph nodes in the intestines due to infection
• Infection elsewhere in the body triggering inflammation
• Idiopathic causes, where the exact cause is unknown

When to Visit a Doctor for Appendicitis?

Although the appendix is not vital, untreated appendicitis can cause serious health complications. You should see a doctor immediately if you experience:

• Sharp or worsening abdominal pain
• Pain that disappears and then suddenly worsens again (possible rupture)
• Symptoms accompanied by fever, vomiting, or swelling

Early detection and timely treatment are crucial to avoid complications like perforation or abscess formation.

Diagnosis of Appendicitis

At Fakeeh University Hospital, diagnosing appendicitis involves a thorough clinical examination and several diagnostic tests:

Clinical Evaluation:

• Physical exam to assess pain response
• Rebound tenderness test pain increases when pressure is released

Additional Diagnostic Tests:

• Digital rectal exam or pelvic exam (especially for female patients)
• Blood tests to check for elevated white blood cell count (sign of infection)
• Urine analysis to rule out UTI or kidney stones
• Imaging studies such as:
  • Abdominal ultrasound
  • CT scan to confirm the diagnosis when symptoms are inconclusive

Appendicitis Treatment at Fakeeh University Hospital

The primary appendicitis treatment is the surgical removal of the inflamed appendix, known as an appendectomy. Depending on the case, this can be done using:

1. Laparoscopic Appendectomy

• Minimally invasive
• Less pain
• Faster recovery
• Smaller scars

2. Open Appendectomy

• Required in complex or ruptured appendix cases
• More extensive but necessary for safe removal of infected material

Additional Treatments:

• Antibiotics may be given pre-surgery or as a standalone treatment in mild cases
• If the appendix has burst, surgery is urgent
• Abscess management: A drainage tube may be inserted before surgery if an abscess has formed

Recovery After Appendicitis Surgery

Most patients recover within a few weeks, depending on the type of surgery. Follow your doctor’s advice regarding:

• Pain management
• Diet modifications
• Wound care
• Physical activity restrictions

Follow-up appointments are important to monitor healing and avoid complications.

Book Your Consultation Today

If you're experiencing abdominal pain or symptoms suggestive of appendicitis, don’t delay. Our expert surgical and gastroenterology teams at Fakeeh University Hospital are available 24/7 to provide timely diagnosis and effective appendicitis treatment with advanced surgical techniques.